Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Thyroid nodules prevalence is high in adult population, approaching 60% in women and older people. Most thyroid nodules are benign and asymptomatic. However, a not negligible part of them causes compressive symptoms and/or cosmetic concerns and need treatment. In the last decades, minimally invasive treatments of the thyroid (MITT) have been proposed in clinical practice as reliable cost-effective alternative to surgery in patients with symptomatic benign thyroid n...

Introduction: Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) accounts for <1% of all forms of primary hyperparathyroidism. PC is characterized by very high serum PTH and calcium levels and presents with osteopenia/osteoporosis, nephrolithiasis, asthenia, neuropsychiatric symptoms. Here, we report the unusual presentation of a PC.Case presentation: A 48-year-old woman was referred to our Center for the sudden appearance of a large painful hematoma in the cervico-mediasti...

Introduction: Somatotropinomas are benign pituitary tumors with heterogeneous biological and clinical behavior. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is an environment generated by the interaction between tumor cells and the host immune system. It affects both the behavior of the tumor and the outcome of the therapy. The GNAS gene encodes the alpha subunit of G proteins associated with hormone receptors such as TSH, PTH, GHRH, FSH/lH, ACTH. Mutation of this gene has been associated...